Which of the following is a business practice used to reduce costs by controlling all aspects of production in an industry?

A) monopoly
B) vertical consolidation
C) horizontal consolidation
D) free enterprise

Option B

vertical consolidation is a business practice used to reduce costs by controlling all aspects of production in an industry

Explanation:

Vertical consolidation is a process for manufacturers to conquer strife. Vertical consolidation is if one organization masters all phases of a particular enterprise. vertical consolidation includes purchasing firms up or underneath the supply chain.

In such a situation, a firm would acquire corporations that implement it with the substances it requires to deliver its products. There are various purposes why a firm may elect to vertically consolidate: For quality check Constance, For just-in-time rendering aspects, For expense restriction, For much awareness of client requirements.

dude you should crop your image so only the question shows. but   can you explain it better

united states government;