You tend to perceive the elements in the first example as two units because of the law of you tend to perceive the elements in the second example as five units because of the law of

similarity; proximity

Explanation:

You tend to perceive the elements in the first example as two units because of the law of similarity, which states that elements that are similar to each other tend to be seen as one group.  You tend to perceive the elements in the second example as five units because of the law of proximity, which states that elements that are closely placed together are usually seen as one group even when they are within a larger group.

it is due to the halo effect as the impression of the boy created earlier.on the mind of the principle affected his decision

the federal government of the united states was established by the constitution. us is a presidential republic. the president is head of state, head of government and of a two party legislative and electoral system. the supreme court balances the powers of the federal and the state government. yhe executive branch is headed by the oresident. there are two chambers of congress, the senate and the house of representatives. judicial power is exercised by the judicial branch (or judiciary), comprised of the supreme court and lower federal courts. the judiciary's function is to interpret the   constitution as well as the federal laws and regulations.