The "barnum effect," in which vague statements about one's future or personality may be seen as accurate and valid, occurs because of the

occurrs because of the REPRESENTATIVENESS HEURISTIC.

Explanation: Representativeness heuristic can be defined as the act of making conclusions under probability or uncertainty. Here conclusions are made based on representativeness which makes the conclusion less accurate because the fact that some is a representative doesn't make it a likely outcome.

It is an approach that employs a practical method not guaranteed to be optimal or perfect; not following or derived from any theory.

An example can be seen in the use of horoscopes.

hygrometers and hair thermometers (often found as part of hygrometers/psychrometers) can be used to measure humidity. barometers are used to measure atmospheric pressure, while anemometers are used to measure wind speed. so the 2nd and 4th choices should be the correct answers.