The process of bringing community and family members into court to publicly state their condemnation of a criminal’s behavior and to accept the responsibility for reintegrating the offender back into the community is called: reintegrative shaming community policing hazing stigmatizing shaming labeling

“obamacare”: included a provision for government-run health insurance called “the public option.” was bitterly opposed by congressional republicans because most favored a “single-payer” plan. survived two challenges to its constitutionality. was partially repealed in 2013 in order to avert a government shutdown. led to the expansion of medicaid in republican controlled states.