Professor chadwick evaluated a graduate student's research proposal negatively simply because he had heard a rumor about the student's incompetence. when later informed that the rumor had been patently false, the professor's assessment of the student's research proposal remained almost as negative as it was originally.
this best illustrates:

a. the representativeness heuristic.
b. the availability heuristic.
c. belief perseverance.
d. framing.

c. belief perseverance.

Explanation:

Belief perseverance: The term belief perseverance is also referred to as belief persistence. It is defined as an individual's inability to alter or change his or her belief even after receiving some new facts or information that hinders the previously existing beliefs.

An individual experiencing belief perseverance stick to their thoughts and beliefs even after encountering he or she shouldn't be doing that.

In the question above, the statement signifies the belief perseverance.

the united states constitution is the supreme law of the united states. the constitution, originally comprising seven articles, delineates the national frame of government. its first three articles embody the doctrine of the separation of powers, whereby the federal government is divided into three branches: the legislative, consisting of the bicameral congress; the executive, consisting of the president; and the judicial, consisting of the supreme court and other federal courts. articles four, five and six embody concepts of federalism, describing the rights and responsibilities of state governments, the states in relationship to the federal government, and the shared process of constitutional amendment. article seven establishes the procedure subsequently used by the thirteen states to ratify it. it is regarded as the oldest written and codified national constitution in force.