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read the text and answer the question.
the berlin conference of 1884–1885 was a part of the "scramble for africa" that took place in the 1870s and 1880s. the conference was held to prevent conflict between european countries.
how did the berlin conference cause conflict and hardship throughout africa?
a
the europeans ignored existing borders, cultural differences, and historical conflicts when they created new boundaries.

b
the europeans created new trade barriers between africa and europe, which caused the african economy to decline.

c
some african countries were represented at the conference, which caused other african countries to resent them.

d
countries from asia participated in the conference, leading to many cultural clashes between colonizing powers.