Adolescents who reach the formal operational stage of cognitive development
a. are not capable of hypothetico-deductive reasoning
b. can only "operate on reality"
c. no longer require concrete things or events as objects of thought.
d. cannot yet come up with general logical rules through internal reflection

The answer is C.

Explanation:

This is the third stage in Piaget's theory of cognitive development. It is characterised by the development of logical thought, and usually occurs around age 7.

This stage should be taken as a transition to deeper levels of thinking, as children still might present a concrete (rigid) reasoning. However, it is here where children develop their understanding of abstract or hypothetical concepts .

okay what's the question?

answer; procedural justice;