In what respects were the new cultures of the mid-nineteenth- those of utopian communalists and of urban residents- different from the mainstream culture described in chapters 8 and 9? how were they alike

Differences new cultures wanted a new society, while cultures from chapter 8 and 9 were traditional.

Similarities both cultures wanted to make things their own way.

Explanation:

The new cultures of the mid-nineteenth- those of utopian communalists and of urban residents- were different from the mainstream culture described in Chapters 8 and 9 because they wanted a new society. They were not satisfied with America's traditional values and the market society in a depression economy. They challenged traditional roles and property rights. Different groups made communal societies in which they could  reach perfection.They were similar to those societies described in chapters 8 and 9 because they wanted things to be done in their own way and they rebelled against authority.

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explanation:

civil rights vs. civil liberties. civil liberties are basic freedoms while civil rights are the basic right to be free from discrimination based on such characteristics as race, disability, color, gender, national origin, and others. discriminating against an employee on the basis of gender is a civil rights violation.