Why did the farmers of the constitution 33 separate branches of the national government?

The framers did not want any one branch to become despotic and authoritative.

Explanation:

The forerunners of the constitution formulated two-house legislature and the government comprises of three different offices, they are Legislature, executive and judiciary. Each office is conferred with different and various set of responsibilities and the system of supervising and regulating authority.  

The representatives declared that no segment of the government administration becomes forceful and persuasive while exercising powers and the each division could keep a discerning eye on the operative methodologies of the other two divisions which would make the whole system unprejudiced and impartial while executing public policies.

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