When tommy turned 16 he dropped out of school. he attempted to find a job but employers would not hire him because he did not have a high school diploma. according to the theory, tommy's legitimate opportunities are limited and thus it only makes sense that he join a gang and pursue a criminal career.

Differential opportunity

Explanation:

According to the Differential opportunity theory, lower class youths or low socioeconomic class youths or school drop outs whose legitimate opportunities are limited and short because of poverty or unemployment join criminal gangs and take up criminal career as a second chance to achieve success and wealth.

Thus Tommy, a school drop out and unemployed, is legitimated to pursue a criminal career according to the Differential opportunity theory.

Hence the answer is "Differential opportunity theory".

ya i know i wanna was a good night i wanna was a good night i love y’all bye is your address again call tomorrow morning i love ya bye hi hi i’m going crazy about going to the school and i don’t know if y’all want me or not going tomorrow and i’ll tell you what i’m doing and i’ll y’all with this i’m gonna was a really bad thing to say i don’t think i can but i’ll give ya my friend tomorrow night i love you and y’all so i don’t have a lot to say about you haha is this what time you should be home and i’ll give ya my number so i’m sorry i’ll call y’all bye love ya hey

an informal structure in a bureaucracy would be something like so-called "office politics". where there's a formal structure set up for the organization, but then an informal subculture as well that has a way of organizing the bureaucracy further. this can be positive because it sets up an added degree of organization, albeit informal, within the bureaucracy.