In discussion after the first day of class, jesse and kareem both clearly recalled that their new physics professor had said, "taking this class in a seven week summer course will be a challenge," but they disagreed about what their professor meant by this statement. this is due to differences in

second-order realities

Explanation:

When a person listens to something they are directly observing something this creates the first order reality. There is no difference in the perception of first order reality between different observers.

When the observer attaches meaning to what is observed in the first order reality it creates the second order reality. The second order realities may be different for different observers.

Here, Jeese and Kareem share the same first order reality i.e., they both recalled the same statement that the physics professor had said. But, in the second order realities where they attached meaning to the statement they differ. Their interpretation of what the physics professor had said differs.

Hence, they have differences in their second-order realities.

"social stratification refers to the way people are ranked and ordered in society. in western societies, stratification is primarily seen and understood as a result of socioeconomic status, which produces a hierarchy in which access to resources, and possession of them, increases from the lower to the upper strata"

answer; i believe that the correct answer to the above question is; (tariff)