Spencer is in the eighth grade and can read fourth-grade texts independently but struggles to understand more advanced level texts. the reading specialist works with spencer in a small group to read sixth-grade level texts. when the teacher guides spencer to read slowly, paraphrases after each paragraph and asks questions when he does not understand, spencer can successfully answer sixth-grade comprehension questions. based upon this information, what is spencer's zone of proximal development for reading?
a) at the fourth-grade level
b) at the sixth-grade level
c) between the fourth- and sixth-grade level
d) between the fourth- and eighth-grade level

Explain why the judicial branch is considered the weakest branch. explain what might happen if the judicial branch could not separate itself from the other two branches. explain how a strong judiciary branch would maintain limited government and individual rights. explain why a law that contradicts the constitution must be ruled invalid. explain why the legislature may not determine if its laws are unconstitutional. hamilton argues that the judicial branch is not above the legislative branch. explain his reasoning. how is the problem solved when two laws passed by the same legislature contradict each other? explain why hamilton believes it is pointless to argue the power of judicial review will enable judges to rule in ways that serve their own interests. explain how life tenure is necessary for the judicial branch to be able to protect individual rights against a majority. explain how everyone benefits when the rights of individuals or groups are protected. explain how limited terms of office might discourage the best-qualified people.

What is the rule relating the ratio of marginal utility to prices of two goods at the optimal choice? explain why, if this rule does not hold, the choice cannot be utility-maximizing.

Cooperation among oligopolies runs counter to the public interest because it leads to underproduction and high prices. in an effort to bring resource allocation closer to the social optimum, public officials attempt to force oligopolies to compete instead of cooperating. consider the following scenario: suppose that the presidents of two auto manufacturing companies exchange text messages in which they discuss jointly raising prices on their new lines of hybrid suvs. this illegal communication would violate which of the following laws? the sherman antitrust act of 1890 the robinson–patman act of 1936 the celler–kefauver act of 1950 the clayton act of 1914