Which of the following contributed to the mass conversion of people living in the middle east to islam by the eighth century?
a. conversion to islam offered many financial and social benefits.
b. newly conquered subjects were forced to convert to islam upon penalty of death.
c. those who refused to convert to islam were enslaved.
d. there was no religious tradition in the middle east to compete with islam.

8. select a supreme court case that has been particularly important in protecting civil liberties in the united states. in a three-paragraph essay, describe the case and the ruling, then explain how the case demonstrates why it is important that the supreme court is: a. protected from political or public pressure (since justices are appointed rather than elected and serve lifetime terms) b. able to change its interpretations of the law over time (10 points)