Veronica is talking to her parents about her french professor and claims that he gave her a failing grade on her last paper because he is arrogant, cold, and indifferent to the progress of his students. veronica is making a(n)

Personal attribution

Explanation:

Personal attribution refers to an effort to explain a certain behaviors based on the actors' internal characteristics , even though we have no data to actually proof that characteristics.

In the case above, Veronica blame her failing grade to her teacher's bad personality rather than focusing on her effort. The characteristics that she mentioned such as arrogant, cold, and indifferent are extremely subjective to her point of view.

this null effect is caused by a weak manipulation and ineffective internal validity. in a scientific study, as the one dr. morimoto is trying to perfom, internal validity refers to the confidence placed in the cause-effect relationship and to how well an experiment is done and able to eliminate confounding variables.        

sir frederic attributed inaccuracies to schemas. memory reconstruction is one part actual events and one part personal schema, which can result in inaccuracies when memories are reconstructed.