How is the death rate calculated?

The death rate of a population is calculated typically in units of deaths per 1,000 individuals per year.

The general mortality rate is the proportion of people who die in relation to the total population over a period of time (usually expressed in terms of 100 per year,%), while the particular mortality rate refers to the proportion of people with a particular characteristic that die with respect to the total of people who have that characteristic (the mortality rate by age, or the rate of  mortality by social group are examples of particular rates).

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this is a pretty broad question and can be a pretty lengthy answer. since 1900, women have gained a lot more rights and have become active in the workforce. with women being in the workforce, men play a larger role in family life. many family tasks are shared between men and women, whereas, women used to be the sole family caretakers.

that should get you started at least.