Carmen writes, "when i was in high school, there were different groups such as ‘preps,' ‘hoods,' and ‘nerds.' it was easy to tell who belonged to each group simply by looking at their dress and general physical appearance. people who belonged to one group didn't have much to do with those in the other two groups." carmen is describing

Carmen is describing "In-Group - Out-Group".

In sociology and social psychology, an ingroup is a social gathering to which a man mentally recognizes just like a part. By differentiate, an outgroup is a social gathering with which an individual does not recognize. For instance, individuals may discover it mentally significant to see themselves as indicated by their race, culture, sexual orientation, age, or religion. It has been discovered that the mental enrollment of social gatherings and classifications is related with a wide assortment of wonders.

this is a pretty broad question and can be a pretty lengthy answer. since 1900, women have gained a lot more rights and have become active in the workforce. with women being in the workforce, men play a larger role in family life. many family tasks are shared between men and women, whereas, women used to be the sole family caretakers.

that should get you started at least.

answer; conditional stimulus will trigger a conditioned response;