Professor schroeder argues that children have an innate concept of justice that enables them to make distinctions between fair and unfair rules. this argument is most consistent with the views of:

I believe the answer is: Socrates

In the nature vs nurture debate, socrates supported the ' nature' part of the argument. Which mean that he believed that the behaviour and characteristics that displayed by individuals are influenced by our genetic. Which led him to believe that  children have an innate concept of justice

"choosing is refusing" means individuals face an opportunity cost with each decision they make. economists state that every decision involves trade-offs. opportunity cost is the least desirable alternative given up as a result of a decision.

it is a part of john locke's natural rights popular during the age of enlightenment that people had inalienable rights to life, liberty and property. this was reflected by thomas jefferson in his declaration of independence as rights to life,liberty and the pursuit of happiness.

another line in the declaration of independence is that people have certain rights just because they are human. humans are capable of obeying the three natural rights john locke mentioned making them governable by these laws and therefore entitled to these rights as well.