What idea did pan africanism oppose apex?

Pan Africanism was opposed to outside political interference and colonization of Africa. It advocated for independence and self-reliance of African states that would independently provide for their citizenry. Proponents of the ideology were  opposed to external political and economic involvement on the continent.

the correct answer is 2.

a slump in geology means a mass movement process of slope failure. a mass of rock or unconsolidated material drops along a slip surface. in other words, rock layers move a short distance down the slope. the slump block is an intact block (2), without any landslide material.

in this image, 1 is the surface of rapture (scarp), 2 the slump block, 3 main scarp (crown), 4 base of rapture with debris flow.

slumps are caused by clear cutting on unstable soils and the sagging of earth, in coastal areas they are due to wave infiltration.

would it be plagiarism to copy and paste off of here? ?