Which empire included the territory that is now part of turkmenistan, afghanistan, and pakistan?

What is the binomial name of the horsefly species that's golden backside inspired a 24-year old researcher to name it after a pop star in january 2012?

Prompt what is your personal ideology? give your opinion on the three following topics. justify your support or opposition to each issue by using examples. issue one: should the government have the right to place a high tax on soda to discourage its consumption and fight teen obesity? issue two: should the government be allowed to monitor your actions on the internet to keep the nation safe from terrorism? issue three: should the government be allowed to outlaw texting while driving to keep drivers safer on the road?

+++30 points me in a society that favors economic equity over economic freedom, who would benefit? explain