Challenge! a marshmallow is dropped from a 5-meter high pedestrian bridge and 0.83 seconds later, it lands right on the head of an unsuspecting person walking underneath. how tall is the person with the marshmallow on his head?
a. what do you know?
b. what do you need to solve for?
c. what equation(s) will you use?
d. what is the solution to this problem?

a₀).  You know ...
         -- the object is dropped from 5 meters
             above the pavement;
         --  it falls for 0.83 second.

a₁).  Without being told, you assume ...
         -- there is no air anyplace where the marshmallow travels,
             so it free-falls, with no air resistance;
         -- the event is happening on Earth,
            where the acceleration of gravity is  9.81 m/s² .

b).  You need to find how much LESS than 5 meters
       the marshmallow falls in 0.83 second.
    
c).  You can use whatever equations you like.
       I'm going to use the equation for the distance an object falls in
       ' T ' seconds, in a place where the acceleration of gravity is ' G '.

d).  To see how this all goes together for the solution, keep reading:

The distance that an object falls in ' T ' seconds
when it's dropped from rest is

                                 (1/2 G) x (T²) .

On Earth, ' G ' is roughly  9.81 m/s², so in 0.83 seconds,
such an object would fall

                               (9.81 / 2) x (0.83)² = 3.38 meters .

It dropped from 5 meters above the pavement, but it
only fell 3.38 meters before something stopped it.
So it must have hit something that was

                         (5.00 - 3.38)  =  1.62 meters

above the pavement.  That's where the head of the unsuspecting
person was as he innocently walked by and got clobbered.