Amountaintop is a height y above the level ground. a woman measures the angle of elevation of the mountaintop to be θ when she is a horizontal distance x from the mountaintop. after walking a distance d closer to the mountain, she measures the angle of elevation of the mountaintop to be φ. neglecting the height of the woman’s eyes above the ground, draw a well-labelled diagram representing this situation and find an expression for the height of the mountain, y, in terms of d, φ, and θ. note that your expression cannot contain x.

Refer to the diagram shown below.
We want to find y in terms of d, φ and θ.

By definition,


Therefore
y = x tan(θ)                   (1)
y = (x - d) tan(φ)           (2)

Equate (1) and (2).


From (1), obtain the required expression for y.

    m₁v₁ + m₂v₂ = (m₁ + m₂)vmomentum is conserved.the left-hand side of the equation represents the momentum in the system before the collision.the right-hand side represents the momentum in the system after the collisionm₁ and v₁ represents the mass and the velocity of the physics blockm₂ and v₂ represents the mass and velocity of the ball of puttyv represents the final velocity of the combined mass.the question states the two masses stick together. they combined mass has its own velocity with the body mass the sum of the two objects' massestheir combined momentum is (m₁ + m₂)vto find the magitude of (m₁ + m₂)v, we need to add the vectors on the left-hand side of the equation: m₁v₁ + m₂v₂.note the diagram. i have positioned the vectors in accordance with their directions.the magnitude of the resultant can be calculated using the pythagorean theorem since this is a right triangle situation (north and west are perpendicular)|(m₁ + m₂)v| =  √[ (m₁v₁)² + (m₂v₂)² ]|(m₁ + m₂)v| =  √[ (1.5kg·8.0m/s)² + (0.40kg·20m/s)² ]|(m₁ + m₂)v| =  14.4 kg m/sfor two significant figures (assuming that 20m/s is two), this rounds to 14 kg m/s