Earth is closer to the Sun on January 3 than it is on July 3. Explain why it is colder in the Northern Hemisphere on January 3.

Asolid cylinder and a cylindrical shell have the same mass, same radius, and turn on frictionless, horizontal axles. the cylindrical shell has light-weight spokes connecting the shell to the axle. a rope is wrapped around each cylinder and tied to blocks of equal masses that are held the same height above the ground. both blocks are released simultaneously. the ropes do not slip. which block hits the ground first? or is it a tie?

Acid precipitation chemically weathering a 5.0-kg limestone rock . which coukd be the result ?

What efficiency of a car's engine when heat input is 200,000 joules and waste heat is 150,000 joules? a. 75% b. 35% c. 25% d. 85%