Lichens are not single organisms, but algae and fungi that function together. The algae use photosynthesis to make food for both organisms. The fungi produce digestive chemicals and absorb nutrients for both organisms. How does the biological activity of lichens cause weathering in rocks?
Answer options with 4 options
A.
Lichens cause friction as they grow, which weathers the rocks.
B.
Lichens produce chemicals, which dissolve and weather the rocks.
C.
Lichens take in water, which freezes in cracks and weathers the rocks.
D.
Lichens absorb heat during photosynthesis, which weathers the rocks.

B

Explanation:

Lichens also have significant impact in the chemical weathering of rocks by the excretion of various organic acids, particularly oxalic acid, which can effectively dissolve minerals and chelate metallic cations.

beta is electron from nucleus

something from nucleus has changed, but charge must be same for cons of charge

speed of light in vacuum is 300,000 km/s

speed of light in other mediums is given by the expression v = c/n, where c is the speed of light in vacuum and n is the refractive index of medium.

for the first medium v = 200,000 km/s

  so, refractive index of medium = 300000/200000 = 1.5

    1.5 refractive index is usually for glass. so first medium is glass.

for the second medium v = 250,00 km/s

so, refractive index of medium = 300000/250000 = 1.2

    1.2 refractive index is usually for water. so second medium is water.

for the third medium v = 0 km/s

so, refractive index of medium = 300000/0 = ∞

    ∞ refractive index is usually for opaque mediums. so third medium is opaque medium.