A 60 kg astronaut is at rest in space away from the space station. The cord between the station and the astronaut breaks. In order to return to the station, the astronaut throws a 1kg tool with a velocity of 4 m/s away from the station. 1. Draw a picture to show how the astronaut is moving after throwing the tool. 2. Calculate the velocity of the astronaut (use the conservation of momentum) 3. What can you say about the velocity of the astronaut, compared to the velocity of the tool after explosion?

russian is not my first language, so i'm afraid i can't write out an answer in russian, but hopefully you can find a way to do so. here's my best translation of the problem: you're given a plot of a particle's position in one-dimensional space over time, and you're asked to find either the total distance traveled by the particle after 6 seconds had elapsed, or the total displacement of the particle after 6 seconds.

if you want the total distance traveled, you would first need to determine the particle's velocity as a function of time, then integrate that over the 6-second interval. we know the position function is quadratic with roots at 0 and 6, so we have

where is unknown. because the position is parabolic, there is symmetry about the midpoint at , and we know that

so that the position function is

which means the velocity is

then the total distance traveled is

so the total distance traveled is 20 m.

on the other hand, if you want to find displacement: the particle starts at and ends at , so its displacement is 0.