A 105 kg astronaut carrying a 16 kg tool bag finds himself separated from his spaceship by 18 m and moving away from the spaceship at 0.1 m/s. To get back to the spaceship, he throws the tool bag away from the spaceship at 4.5 m/s (relative to the station). How long (in s) will he take to return to the spaceship

Explanation:

From the question we are told that:

Mass of astronaut

Mass of tool

Distance

Velocity of separation

Velocity of tool bag

Generally the equation for momentum is mathematically given by

Therefore

Initial Momentum before drop

Initial Momentum after drop

Therefore

Since

Generally the equation for Time T is mathematically given by

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conservation of mass

mass before something happens = mass afterwards