2 Lights slows down when it enters water from air. a What happens to its speed?
b What happens to its wavelength?
c What happens to its frequency?​

Light travels as waves, with the wavefronts perpendicular to the direction of motion. In the animation shown here, the wavefronts are represented by the green parallel lines. The red arrow represents the direction of motion. As light moves from air into water, it not only slows, but the wavelength changes. wavelength becomes shorter in the denser medium of water.

Light will travel in straight line unless it meets any object (medium) in its path. Light changes its speed when it passes from one medium to other and the direction of light changes. This bending of light is called refraction.

This will happen in both when light passes through lighter to denser medium and also while comes from denser medium to lighter medium.

The speed of the light is increases when it comes from denser to less dense medium and decreases when it passes through lighter to denser. Light travels faster in vacuum compared with any other medium.

Refractive index defines the speed of light in a medium.

Refractive index (n)= v1/v2, v1 and v2 are the speed of light in vacuum and medium, respectively.

More the refractive index, slower the speed of light in that medium.

Coming to the wavelength of light, λ=v / f and here the frequency (f) of incident will not change when light passes through different medium.

Wavelength is directly proportional to the speed (v), then the wavelength increases if speed of light increases and vice versa.

The wavelength of light decreases when it goes from air to water because the speed of light decreases.

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