Jessica took a mylar balloon outside on a very cold day. as she waited for the bus the balloon began to shrink. what is the best explanation of this?

Because the balloon is closed, the number of helium atoms inside doesn’t change as you cool it or warm it. But that doesn’t indicate that the balloon’s size is fixed. What is happening here is related to the relationship between three important properties of a gas: its temperature, its pressure, and its volume. As the balloon is cooled down, its volume decreases so as to keep the internal pressure in balance with the ambient air pressure. When the balloon is heated later on, the volume increases to maintain this same pressure balance.

what experimental evidence led scientists to change from the previous model to this one?

a few of the positive particles aimed at a gold foil seemed to bounce back.

the colors of light emitted from heated atoms had very specific energies.

experiments with water vapor showed that elements combine in specific proportions.

cathode rays were bent in the same way whenever a magnet was brought near them.