Which term describes a type of radiation that reaches the earth from the sun?

Imagine you are riding on a yacht in the ocean and traveling at 20 mph. you then hit a golf ball at 100 mph from the deck of the yacht. you see the ball move away from you at 100mph, while a person standing on a near by beach would observe your golf ball traveling at 120 mph (20 mph + 100 mph). now imagine you are aboard the hermes spacecraft traveling at 0.1c (1/10 the speed of light) past mars and shine a laser from the front of the ship. you would see the light traveling at c (the speed of light) away from your ship. according to einstein’s special relativity, how fast will a person on mars observe the light to be traveling? a) 0.1c (1/10 the speed of light) b) c (the speed of light) c)1.1c (c+0.1c)

How does an observation about an object differ from an inference about that object

Scientists follow specific processes in order to determine valid explanations and conclusions from observations. david observed strange lights in the sky above his home outside of roswell, new mexico. the only explanation that makes sense to him is that there are ufos in the area. what should david do next to verify his explanation?