Shutting the fluid discharge of an air-operated reciprocating pump will cause the pump to ?

Explanation:

In pneumatic pumps, compressed air is utilized to generate a force that is used to channel fluids through the piping system. If the discharge line of the pneumatic pump is blocked the pump will stop and the fluid won't flow, the pump won't run and airflow will also stop. Pneumatic pumps have weak drivers. The compressed air which runs the pump is also at low pressure.

a.) travels faster in solids because the particles are closer together.

air is a gas water is a liquid

force is based upon mass and acceleration.the statement is not always true.

it can be explained from newton's second law of motion.

as per newton's second law of motion the rate of change of momentum is directly proportional to the applied force and takes place along the direction of force.

mathematically it can be written as -

                                              ⇒      

here   k is the proportionality constant whose value is 1.

                                                            [a is the acceleration=dv/dt]

hence we see that force not only depends on mass and acceleration but also on velocity and rate of change of mass. force f will depend on mass and acceleration only when mass is constant.

hence the statement that force is based upon mass and acceleration is false.