Physics, 17.09.2019 17:30 csteward5978

When 10.00 ml of 1.00 m hcl solution is mixed with 115 ml of 0.100 m naoh solution in a constant-pressure calorimeter, the temperature rises from 22.45 °c to 23.25 °
c. calculate q for this reaction, assuming that the heat capacity of the calorimeter is the same as that of 125 g of water.?

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Answer from: daymakenna3

The amount of energy required by the reaction is $\boxed{418\,{\text{J}}}$ .

Further Explanation:

Given:

The volume of HCl mixed in the calorimeter is $10.0\,{\text{ml}}$ .

The volume of NaOH mixed in the calorimeter is $115\,{\text{ml}}$ .

The initial temperature of the solution is ${22.45\:^{\circ}\text{C}}$ or $295.6\,{\text{K}}$ .

The final temperature of the solution is ${23.25\:^{\circ}\text{C}}$ or $296.4\,{\text{K}}$ .

The specific heat capacity of water is $4.18\,{{\text{J}}\mathord{\left/{\vphantom{{\text{J}}{{\text{g}}\cdot{\text{K}}}}}\right.\kern-\nulldelimiterspace}{{\text{g}}\cdot{\text{K}}}}$ .

Concept:

The total volume of the calorimeter after the addition of HCl and NaOH is:

$\begin{aligned}V&=115+10\\&=125\,{\text{ml}}\\\end{aligned}$

The density of the given solution is $1\,{{\text{g}}\mathord{\left/{\vphantom{{\text{g}}{{\text{ml}}}}}\right.\kern-\nulldelimiterspace}{{\text{ml}}}}$ . Therefore, the mass of the solution is:

$\begin{aligned}m&={\text{density}}\times{\text{volume}}\\&=1\,{{\text{g}}\mathord{\left/{\vphantom{{\text{g}}{{\text{ml}}}}}\right.\kern-\nulldelimiterspace}{{\text{ml}}}}\times125\,{\text{ml}}\\&=125\,{\text{g}}\\\end{aligned}$

The change in temperature of the calorimeter is.

$\begin{aligned}\Delta T&={T_f}-{T_i}\\&=296.4-295.6\\&=0.8\\\end{aligned}$

Now, the amount of heat absorbed by the calorimeter to complete the reaction is given as:

$q=m\times C\times\Delta T$

Here, is the amount of heat required for the reaction and is the heat capacity of the calorimeter.

Substitute the values in the above expression.

$\begin{aligned}q&=125\times4.18\times0.8\\&=125\times3.344\\&=418\,{\text{J}}\\\end{aligned}$

Thus, the amount of energy required by the reaction is $\boxed{418\,{\text{J}}}$ .

Learn More:

1. One consequence of the third law of thermodynamics is that

2. According to Charles’s law, for a fixed quantity of gas at constant pressure

3. Calculate the average translational kinetic energy (sometimes just called average kinetic energy)

Answer Details:

Grade: High School

Subject: Physics

Chapter: Heat and Thermodynamics

Keywords:

10 ml of 1.00 m HCl, 115 ml of 0.100 m NaOH, constant pressure, calorimeter, heat capacity, same as 125g of water, temperature rises, energy required.

Answer from: Quest

sequence is a continuous and distinctive band of stars that appears on plots of stellar color versus brightness. these color-magnitude plots are known as hertzsprung–russell diagramsafter their co-developers, ejnar hertzsprungand henry norris russell. stars on this band are known as main-sequence stars or dwarf stars. these are the most numerous true stars in the universe, and include the earth's sun.after condensation and ignition of a star, it generates thermal energy in its dense core region through nuclear fusion of hydrogen into helium. during this stage of the star's lifetime, it is located on the main sequence at a position determined primarily by its mass, but also based upon its chemical composition and age. the cores of main-sequence stars are in hydrostatic equilibrium, where outward thermal pressure from the hot core is balanced by the inward pressure of gravitational collapse from the overlying layers. the strong dependence of the rate of energy generation on temperature and pressure to sustain this balance. energy generated at the core makes its way to the surface and is radiated away at the photosphere. the energy is carried by either radiation or convection, with the latter occurring in regions with steeper temperature gradients, higher opacity or both.the main sequence is sometimes divided into upper and lower parts, based on the dominant process that a star uses to generate energy. stars below about 1.5 times the mass of the sun (1.5 m☉) primarily fuse hydrogen atoms together in a series of stages to form helium, a sequence called the proton–proton chain. above this mass, in the upper main sequence, the nuclear fusion process mainly uses atoms of carbon, nitrogen and oxygen as intermediaries in the cno cycle that produces helium from hydrogen atoms. main-sequence stars with more than two solar masses undergo convection in their core regions, which acts to stir up the newly created helium and maintain the proportion of fuel needed for fusion to occur. below this mass, stars have cores that are entirely radiative with convective zones near the surface. with decreasing stellar mass, the proportion of the star forming a convective envelope steadily increases. main-sequence stars below 0.4 m☉undergo convection throughout their mass. when core convection does not occur, a helium-rich core develops surrounded by an outer layer of hydrogen.in general, the more massive a star is, the shorter its lifespan on the main sequence. after the hydrogen fuel at the core has been consumed, the star evolves away from the main sequence on the hr diagram, into a supergiant, red giant, or directly to a white dwarf.

Answer from: Quest

B) as the temperature increases, the kinetic energy of the particles increases.|-/