Based on the passage, how is a neurotransmitter different from an action potential? A Neurotransmitters do not carry neural messages, but an action potential does. B Neurotransmitters are chemical, and an action potential is electric. C Neurotransmitters carry signals inside the neuron, and an action potential carries signals between neurons. D Neurotransmitters are "all-or-none," but an action potential can fire halfway.

The heater element of a 120 v toaster is a 5.4 m length of nichrome wire, whose diameter is 0.48 mm. the resistivity of nichrome at the operating temperature of the toaster is 1.3 × 10-6 ω·m. the toaster is operated at a voltage of 120 v. (a) what is the power drawn by the toaster? (b) if the cost of electricity is 12 ¢ per kilowatt-hour, and it takes 2 minutes to toast bread, how much does it cost for toasted bread? (c) when the heater element is at room temperature, is the resistivity in the nichrome wire greater than, less than, or equal to it’s resistivity when at operating temperature? explain.