Irrigation channels that require regular flow monitoring are often equipped with electromagnetic flowmeters in which the magnetic field is produced by horizontal coils embedded in the bottom of the channel. A particular coil has 100 turns and a diameter of 6.0 m. When it's time for a measurement, a 4.5 A current is turned on. The large diameter of the coil means that the field in the water flowing directly above the center of the coil is approximately equal to the field in the center of the coil. The field is directed downward and the water is flowing east. The water is flowing above the center of the coil at 1.5 m/s Required:
a. What is the magnitude of the field at the center of the coil?
b. What is the direction of the force on a positive ion in the water above the center of the coil?

A) B = 9.425 × 10^(-5) T

B) North direction

Explanation:

A) We are given;

Current in coil; I = 4.5 A

Number of turns; N = 100 turns

Radius;R = diameter/2 = 6/2 = 3 m

Formula for the magnetic field at the center of the coil is given by;

B = (μ_o•N•I)/2R

Where μ_o is a constant = 4π × 10^(-7) H/m

Thus;

B = (4π × 10^(-7) × 100 × 4.5)/(2 × 3)

B = 9.425 × 10^(-5) T

B) The direction of the force on a positive ion in water can be gotten by the application of flemmings right hand rule.

From flemmings right hand rule, we know that;

- The thumb indicates the direction of the motion of the force which is in the north direction.

- The Index finger indicates the direction of the magnetic field which is in the east direction

- The middle finger indicates the direction of magnetic field which is downwards in the west direction.

Therefore, the direction of the force as seen from flemmings right hand rule is in the north direction

explanation:

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