Explain how electron microscopes work and why some scientists might prefer to use electron microscopes instead of light microscopes.

There are not many things that these two microscope types have in common. Both electron and light microscopes are technical devices which are used for visualizing structures that are too small to see with the unaided eye, and both types have relevant areas of applications in biology and the materials sciences. And this is pretty much it. The method of visualizing the structures is very different. Electron Microscopes use electrons and not photons (light rays) for visualization. The first electron microscope was constructed in 1931, compared to optical microscopes they are a very recent invention.

Ray 2 should cross through the focal point on the right side of the lens

In finance, diversification is the process of allocating capital in a way that reduces the exposure to any one particular asset or risk. a common path towards diversification is to reduce risk or volatility by investing in a variety of assets.