A projectile is shot horizontally from the edge of a cliff, 400 m above the ground. The projectile is traveling horizontally at 65 m/s the moment it leaves the cannon. What is the initial vertical velocity of the projectile?

Determine the time taken by the projectile to hit the ground.

How far does the projectile land from the base of cliff?

Find the vertical component of the velocity just before the projectile hits the ground.

What is the magnitude of the final vector velocity the instant before it hits the ground?

What is the direction of the final vector velocity the instant before it hits the ground?

a)   = 0,  b)  t = 9.035 s, c) x = 587.275 m, d)  v_y = -88.54 m / s,

e) v = 109.84 m / s,  f)  θ = -53.7º

Explanation:

This exercise is a projectile launch

a) as the projectile is launched horizontally, its initial vertical velocity is zero

          = 0

b) let's use the relation

          y = y₀ + v_{oy} t - ½ g t²

when reaching the ground y = 0 and the initial vertical velocity is v_{oy}=0

         0 = y₀ + 0 - ½ g t²

         t =

         t =

         t = 9.035 s

c) the horizontal distance is

         x = v₀ₓ t

         x = 65  9.035

         x = 587.275 m

d) the vertical speed when touching the ground

         v_y = -gt

         v_y = 0 - 9.8 9.035

          v_y = -88.54 m / s

the negative sign indicates that the velocity is directed downwards

e) the velocity at this point

          v =

          v =

          v = 109.84 m / s

f) the direction of the velocity

let's use trigonometry

          tan θ = v_y / vₓ

          θ = tan⁻¹1 v_y / vₓ

          θ = tan⁻¹ (-88.54 / 65)

          θ = -53.7º

this angle is measured clockwise

answer: the exterior temperature of commercial jet planes as they leave the stratosphere and return to the ground increases steadily.

explanation:

the lower most layer of atmosphere is troposphere which extends from 0 to 12 km above the surface of the earth. the temperature initially decreases as distance is increased from the earth's surface. commercial jets fly in lower part of the stratosphere. the stratosphere extends upto 50 km. the temperature in stratosphere starts rising again due to presence of ozone which traps the uv rays.

thus, when the planes leave the stratosphere and return to the ground, the exterior temperature increases steadily.