How does an ice cube cause hot coffee to become cool and through what heat transfer

Two polarizers are oriented at 40∘ to each other and plane-polarized light is incident on them. if only 16 percent of the light gets through both of them, what was the initial polarization direction of the incident light?

Ineed the answer to question 1 , i’m desperate

How much energy must a refrigerator absorb from 225 g of water so that the temperature of the water will drop from 35°c to 5°c