A 70 kg astronaut throws a 5 kg ball with a velocity of 20 m/s east. What is the velocity of the astronaut?

Explanation:

From the question we are told that

70 kg astronaut

5 kg ball

A velocity of 20 m/s east

Generally with Law of conservation of momentum in place for a body in space

initial and final momentum must be equal

Therefore

Mathematically solving for

Therefore the Astronauts velocity relative to his mass is given to be

chemical energy --> gravitational potential energy --> kinetic energy --> elastic potential energy --> gravitational potential energy

explanation:

when emma starts the hike, the chemical energy stored in her body is used to climb up the mountain, and so she gains gravitational potential energy (because at the end, she will be at a higher height h above the ground). then she goes bungee jumping: as she falls, this gravitational potential energy is converted into kinetic energy (because her speed increases as she falls down), until the point when the rope stretches, and she stops moving. at that moment, all the kinetic energy is converted into elastic potential energy due to the stretching of the rope. then, this energy is released because the rope returns to its natural length, and emma gains a small increase in altitude , so she gains some gravitational potential energy.