A fireboat is to fight fires at coastal areas by drawing seawater with a density of 1030 kg/m3 through a 10-cm-diameter pipe at a rate of 0.04 m3/s and discharging it through a hose nozzle with an exit diameter of 5 cm. The total irreversible head loss of the system is 3 m, and the position of the nozzle is 3 m above sea level. For a pump efficiency of 70 percent, determine the required shaft power input to the pump and the water discharge velocity.

50.93 m/s

199.5 kW

Explanation:

From the question, the nozzle exit diameter = 5 cm, Radius= diameter/2= 5cm/2= 2.5cm. we can convert it to metre for unit consistency= (2.5×0.01)=

0.025m

We can calculate the The cross sectional area of the nozzle as

A= πr^2

A= π ×0.025^2

= 1.9635 ×10^- ³ m²

From the question, the water is moving through the pipe at a rate of 0.1 m /s , then for the water to move through it at a seconds, it must move at

(0.1 / 1.9635 ×10^- ³ m²)

= 50.93 m/s

During the Operation of the pump, the Dynamic energy of the water= potential energy provided there is no loss during the Operation

mgh = 1/2mv²

We can make "h" subject of the formula, which is the height of required head of water

h = (1/2mv²)/mg

h= v² / 2g

h = 50.93² / (2 ×9.81)

h = 132.21m

From the question;

The total irreversible head loss of the system = 3 m,

the given position of nozzle = 3 m

the total head the pump needed=(The total irreversible head loss of the system + the position of the nozzle + required head of water )

=(3 + 3 + 132.21m)

=138.21m

mass of water pumped in a seconds can be calculated since we know that mass is a product of volume and density

Volume= 0.1m³

Density of sea water=1030 kg/m

(0.1 m^3× 1030)

= 103kg

We can calculate the Potential enegry, which is = mgh

= (103 ×9.81 × 138.21)

= 139651.5 Watts

= 139.65kW

To determine required shaft power input to the pump and the water discharge velocity

Energy= efficiency × power

But we are given efficiency of 70 percent, then

139651.5 Watts = 0.7P

=199502.18 Watts

P=199.5 kW

Therefore, the required shaft power input to the pump and the water discharge velocity is 199.5 kW