A 15.5 kg block is pulled by two forces. The first is 11.8N at a 53.7 angle and the second is 22.9 N at a -15.8 angle. What is the direction of the acceleration

α = 6.43° (Angle respect to the horizontal axis-x)

Explanation:

To solve this problem we must use Newton's second law which tells us that the sum of forces must be equal to the product of mass by acceleration.

Since we have two forces and we know their magnitudes and their directions, we can sum these into their X & y components, in this way we can find the resulting force and apply it in Newton's second law.

F1x = 11.8*cos(53.7) = 6.98 [N]

F1y = 11.8*sin(53.7) = 9.5 [N]

Now with the second force:

F2x = 22.9*cos (15.8) = 22.03 [N]

F2y = - 22.9*sin (15.8) = - 6.23 [N]

Now we sum the forces in the x and y axes:

Fx = F1x + F2x = 6.98 + 22.03 = 29.01 [N]

Fy = F1y + F2y = 9.5 -  6.23 = 3.27 [N]

Now using the Pythagorean theorem we can find the resulting force.

F = √(Fx² + Fy²)

F = √ (29.01)² + (3.27)²

F = 29.19 [N]

Using Newton's second law, we have:

F = m*a

where:

F = force = 29.19 [N]

m = mass = 15.5 [kg]

a = acceleration [m/s²]

a = 29.19/15.5

a = 1.88 [m/s²]

The direction of the acceleration is the same direction of the force, therefore we need to find the angle.

tan(α) = Fy/Fx

tan(α) = 3.27/29.01

α = tan⁻¹(0.1127)

α = 6.43° (Angle respect to the horizontal axis-x)

freezing

deposition

condensation

explanation;

melting also called fusion is the process where solid becomes liquid, sublimation is the process where solid becomes gaseous without first changing to liquid, deposition involves change from gaseous to solid state, freezing involves change from liquid to solid, boiling or evaporation involves change of liquid to gaseous state, while condensation is the change from gaseous state to liquid state.

endothermic reactions involves absorption of heat from the surroundings or the environment while exothermic reactions involves loss of heat energy to the surroundings.

in this case, sublimation, evaporation and melting are endothermic reactions (gain energy from the environment) while, freezing, deposition and condensation are exothermic (loss of energy to the surroundings) reactions.