How can you make an observation?

What are similarities and differences of reflection, refraction, diffraction and absorption?

A0.750 kg aluminum pan is removed from the stove and plunged into a sink filled with 10.0 kg of water at 293 k. the water temperature quickly rises to 297 k. what was the initial temperature of the aluminum pan? the specific heat of aluminum is ca = 900 j/(kgk) and water is cw = 4190 j/(kgk)

Observations show that interstellar clouds can have almost any shape and