The independent variables in Part I, the ones intentionally manipulated, are the .

The independent variable in Part II, the one that is intentionally manipulated, is the
.

The dependent variable for both Parts I and II, the one that you measure the response in, is the

Iwould sure like to answer your question but i honestly just don’t know

The best answer is (a) which is universal law is in effect at all times. it is constantly at play in everything we do and governs our lives. it is also important to note that universal law applies to not only everything on earth, but everything in the universe as well, which is another reason why it is in effect at all times.

  the answer is don't know.