What is the density of a roll of pennies containing 50 pennies?

Density is defined as:

Density = Mass/Volume

Now, density is an intensive property, this means that if you have 10 grams of a given material or 1000 grams of the same material, in both cases you will find the same density.

Then a roll of 50 pennies has the same density that a single penny.

The measures of a single penny are:

Mass = 2.5 g

Thickness = 1.52 mm

Radius = 9.525 mm

The coin is a cylinder, and the volume of a cylinder is:

V = pi*r^2*h

where:

pi = 3.14

r = radius = 9.525mm

h = thikness = 1.52mm

The volume is:

V = 3.14*(9.525mm)^2*1.52mm = 433.015 mm^3

The density will be:

D = 2.5g/433.015mm^3 = 0.00577 g/mm^3

as we know our atmosphere or air have different levels. every level has other gasses, and every gas has another permeability. when the light comes from lower permeability to higher permeability, it changes its direction. so that means that when the light comes from the moon to the earth, it changes it's direction many more times. it basically means that the shape of the light part of the moon is changed on the earth.

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