The energy transferred by a force to a moving object

Imagine you are riding on a yacht in the ocean and traveling at 20 mph. you then hit a golf ball at 100 mph from the deck of the yacht. you see the ball move away from you at 100mph, while a person standing on a near by beach would observe your golf ball traveling at 120 mph (20 mph + 100 mph). now imagine you are aboard the hermes spacecraft traveling at 0.1c (1/10 the speed of light) past mars and shine a laser from the front of the ship. you would see the light traveling at c (the speed of light) away from your ship. according to einstein’s special relativity, how fast will a person on mars observe the light to be traveling? a) 0.1c (1/10 the speed of light) b) c (the speed of light) c)1.1c (c+0.1c)

However, had it been a real sound, the sound's pitch would have been increased by the doppler effect, since the falcon was moving the source of the sound. perpendicular to away from towards at the same speed as

This is one type of line graph in which the independent variable is time plotted on the x axis and the dependent variable, also numerical, is plotted on the y axis.