A golfer on a level fairway hits a ball at an angle of 28° to the horizontal that travels 109 yd before striking the ground. He then hits another ball from the same spot with the same speed, but at a different angle. This ball also travels 109 yd. At what angle was the second ball hit? (Neglect air resistance.)

Is a  vector quantity  that refers to "the rate at which an object changes its position." imagine a person moving rapidly - one step forward and one step back - always returning to the original starting position. while this might result in a frenzy of activity, it would result in a zero velocity. because the person always returns to the original position, the motion would never result in a change in position. since velocity is defined as the rate at which the position changes, this motion results in zero velocity. if a person in motion wishes to maximize their velocity, then that person must make every effort to maximize the amount that they are displaced from their original position. every step must go into moving that person further from where he or she started. for certain, the person should never change directions and begin to return to the starting position.

This is what a calorimeter is used for simpler ex, to measure calories in food.