The life cycle of stars may be boiled down into a tug of war, lasting billions of years, between two basic forces. which of the two eventually "wins" the battle.

The center is basically the heart of it

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stands for electromotive force and it is measured in volts. despite its name, it is not actually the force in the sense of being a "pushing" or "pulling" (not measured in newtons).an equation that relates emf,  ℰ,  to a battery's terminal voltage, v, current, i, and internal resistance, r, is    ℰ = v + irin this case, the emf can be interpreted as a voltage—a difference in electric potential.i would not say that it would be considered an energy. if emf can be defined as the energy/work per a unit charge from a battery or other electric source, then it is not strictly energy.

The disturbance in a transverse wave is perpendicular to the wave motion.unlike a transverse wave, the disturbance in a longitudinal wave is parallel to the wave motion (a), that is, back and forth.