A ship is floating on a lake. Its hold is the interior space beneath its deck; the hold is empty and is open to the atmosphere. The hull has a hole in it, which is below the water line, so water leaks into the hold. The effective area of the hole is 4.8 × 10-3 m2 and is located 2.5 m beneath the surface of the lake. What volume of water per second leaks into the ship?

33.4 litres/sec

Explanation:

Given:

hole area A = 0.0048 m²

Velocity is given by:

V =√2gh = √(2 x 9.8 x 2.5) = 7 m/sec

flow = A x V = (0.0048)(7) = 0.0334 m³/sec

0.0334 m³/sec => 33.4 litres/sec

c. newton's third law of motion

force is based upon mass and acceleration.the statement is not always true.

it can be explained from newton's second law of motion.

as per newton's second law of motion the rate of change of momentum is directly proportional to the applied force and takes place along the direction of force.

mathematically it can be written as -

                                              ⇒      

here   k is the proportionality constant whose value is 1.

                                                            [a is the acceleration=dv/dt]

hence we see that force not only depends on mass and acceleration but also on velocity and rate of change of mass. force f will depend on mass and acceleration only when mass is constant.

hence the statement that force is based upon mass and acceleration is false.