Gases are a unique state of matter because the volume of a gas can be compressed or expanded based on its temperature. Jacque Charles studied these changes by observing hot air balloons. For a given mass, as the gas is heated its volume expands and as it cools the volume contracts. Charles found that the volume is directly proportional to temperature when the mass and pressure remain constant. Which equation represents the relationship in Charles' law?
A)(P1V1/T1)=(P2V2/T2)
B) (V1/T1)=(V2/T2)
C) (V1/n1)=(V2/n2)
D) P1V1=P2V2

B)

Explanation:

Hi there,

Notice in the prompt it is saying given mass, which means quantity of gas is constant. This eliminates option C, as this is Avogadro's Law (the more gas you have, the more space it takes up). It also states pressure remains constant, so it eliminates D, Boyle's Law (pressure is inversely related with volume), and A, The Combined Gas Law (combines Charles, Boyle's, and Gay-Lussac's Laws).

Charles' Law is telling us that as a gas is heated, the volume increases. This makes sense, as when gases are heated the average kinetic energy (energy of motion and movement) of the system is higher because of heat increase. When the system's kinetic energy is higher, it will have the tendency to occupy more space to balance out the increase in energy. Think of people who become more jittery in an already crowded space, they will push outward to accompany more space to balance.

So, answer is B.

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