The star P Cygni in the constellation Cygnus the swan is surrounded by an extensive, low-density atmosphere. The spectrum of P Cygni shows a bright continuum with many narrow, dark absorption lines and a few bright emission lines. Make a rough sketch of P Cygni in the space below and indicate where the light that forms the absorption lines comes from and where the light that forms the emission lines comes from.

Search coils and credit cards. one practical way to measure magnetic field strength uses a small, closely wound coil called a search coil. the coil is initially held with its plane perpendicular to a magnetic field. the coil is then either quickly rotated a quarter-turn about a diameter or quickly pulled out of the field. (a) derive the equation relating the total charge q that flows through a search coil to the magnetic-field magnitude b. the search coil has n turns, each with area a, and the flux through the coil is decreased from its initial maximum value to zero in a time ∆t. the resistance of the coil is r, and the total charge is q = i∆t, where i is the average current induced by the change in flux. (b) in a credit card reader, the magnetic strip on the back of a credit card is rapidly “swiped” past a coil within the reader. explain, using the same ideas that underlie the operation of a search coil, how the reader can decode the information stored in the pattern of magnetization on the strip. (c) is it necessary that the credit card be “swiped” through the reader at exactly the right speed? why or why not?

How many neutrons does plutonium -196 with an atomic number of 78.

Group of elements with the same number of valence electrons