The main current in the galvanometer coil and the shunt together is always a simple multiple of the current in the coil which can be found and the scale calibrated accordingly to read the main current directly.

the answer is f1 and d2 because if you put equal force on those two points the beam would balance trust me on this

b. a lightning bug, plug of grass, and a worm

one "light year" is the distance that light travels, through vacuum, in one julian year.   that's 365.25 days, of 24 hours each.