A common physics demonstration is to drop a small magnet down a long, vertical aluminum pipe. Describe the motion of the magnet through the pipe and explain the physical processes that cause this motion.

Check below for the answer and explanation

Explanation:

According to Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction, if a conductor is exposed to changing magnetic flux, an emf and hence a current is induced in the conductor. The strength of the induced emf is directly proportional to the rate of change of the magnetic flux.

Induced emf,

Induced current, I = e/R

In this example, as magnet is dropped down the aluminium pipe, the magnetic flux changes, and current is induced in the pipe.

According to Lenz's law, the direction of the induced current in the conductor opposes the direction of the magnetic flux that produces it.

Based on these stated laws, current is induced in this aluminium pipe and the direction of this induced current opposes the magnetic flux change. The magnetic field is repelled and falls slowly.