An ice cube (n = 1.31) has a layer of water (n = 1.33) on it. What is the critical angle for a ray in water trying to enter the ice?
(Unit=deg)

Ibelieve that the correct answer is: c. along plate boundaries

stands for electromotive force and it is measured in volts. despite its name, it is not actually the force in the sense of being a "pushing" or "pulling" (not measured in newtons).an equation that relates emf,  ℰ,  to a battery's terminal voltage, v, current, i, and internal resistance, r, is    ℰ = v + irin this case, the emf can be interpreted as a voltage—a difference in electric potential.i would not say that it would be considered an energy. if emf can be defined as the energy/work per a unit charge from a battery or other electric source, then it is not strictly energy.

Cardiac muscle causes movement in the bone.